GS- 3rd Paper
Topic- Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
Industry 4.0
Context
Pilot Project for ushering in ‘Industry 4.0’ in the country, is launched for implementation at the Modern Coach Factory (MCF), Raebareli.
About Industry 4.0
- ‘Industry 4.0’ commonly referred to as the fourth industrial revolution.
- It is a name given to the current trend of automation, interconnectivity and data exchange in manufacturing technologies to increase productivity.
- Industry 4.0 is a complex Cyber-Physical Systems which synergizes production with digital technologies, the Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data & Analytics, Machine Learning and Cloud Computing.
- The fourth industrial revolution encompasses areas which are not normally classified as industry, such as smart cities for instance.
- “industry 4.0” refers to the concept of factories in which machines are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors, connected to a system that can visualise the entire production line and make decisions on its own.
- The concept Industry 4.0 includes-
- Smart manufacturing
- Smart factory
- Lights out (manufacturing) also known as dark factories
- Industrial internet of things also called internet of things for manufacturing.
Fourth Industrial Revolution
- The fourth Industrial Revolution is moving from an electronic based industry to a process which is the combination of human beings and electronics.
- The fourth Industrial Revolution i.e. industry 4.0 describes the trend towards automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies and processes.
- It include-
- Cyber-physical systems (CPS),
- The internet of things (IoT),
- Industrial internet of things (IIOT),
- Cloud computing,
- Cognitive computing
- Artificial Intelligence.
Impact of Industry 4.0
- Services and business models improvement.
- Reliability and continuous productivity.
- IT security and better resource utilization.
- Machine safety and better working condition.
Significance of Industry 4.0
- Industry 4.0 is a complex cyber/physical digital system.
- Full transition to the digital factory using ‘Industry 4.0’ across entire value chain from design to production will help enhance productivity.
- It will provide insight into production process to take the decisions in real time basis, minimizing human errors by effective monitoring.
- It will ensure that resources are put to the best utilization measured by, what is called the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE).
- Industry 4.0 would be based cyber/physical digital system and would involve various packages, systems, applications and Hardware within Design/Planning, Networking and Production to be added in a modular and incremental manner in MCF.
Modern Coach Factory (MCF)
- Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli is a rail coach manufacturing unit of the Indian Railways at Raebareli in Uttar Pradesh.
- The factory is the third facility in India that produces railway compartments.
- The other two facilities are the Integral Coach Factory at Perambur in Tamil Nadu and the Rail Coach Factory at Kapurthala in Punjab.
- The factory was inaugurated on 7 November 2012.
- A Pilot Project for ushering in ‘Industry 4.0’ in the country, is launched for implementation at the Modern Coach Factory (MCF), Raebareli.
- The architecture to be conceptualized and formulated in Modern Coach Factory (MCF) initially would be gradually expanded in a phased manner to encompass all complexities that constitute Industry 4.0 in all manufacturing spheres in the country.
- The Ministry of Railways and Department of Science & Technology have joined hands in partnership with IIT Kanpur for taking up a unique project on ‘Industry 4.0’.
For Prelims-
INS ‘Nilgiri’
Context
Raksha Mantri launched Navy’s first new stealth frigate, INS ‘Nilgiri’.
Highlights
- INS Nilgiri is the first ship of
- Project 17A frigates is a design derivative of the Shivalik class stealth frigates with much more advanced stealth features and indigenous weapons and sensors.
- These frigates are being built using integrated construction methodology.
- The P17A frigates incorporate new design concepts for improved survivability, sea keeping, stealth and ship manoeuvrability.
INS Khanderi
Context
Raksha Mantri commissioned indigenously built submarine INS Khanderi.
Highlights
- INS Khanderi is the second of Kalvari Class diesel electric attack submarines of the Indian Navy.
- It has been built in India to the French Scorpene design and is the second submarine of the Project-75.
- Built indigenously by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited, INS Khanderi is a lethal addition to Navy’s conventional submarine arsenal and is designed for silent and stealthy sub-surface operations.
- The name Khanderi is inspired by the dreaded ‘Sword Tooth Fish’ a deadly fish known to hunt whilst swimming close to the bottom of the ocean.
- Khanderi is also name of an island fort built by great Maratha ruler Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.
- INS Khanderi is the follow-on to INS Kalvari, which was the first of the French origin Scorpene class submarines being indigenously constructed in India and commissioned by the Prime Minister in 2017.
- The first submarine was commissioned into the Indian Navy on December 6, 1968 and was decommissioned on October 18, 1989 after 20 years of service to the nation.
