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Static – Modern History (Post-Independence) – Relations with Pakistan | Focus – Mains

Despite the Kashmir issue, the Government of India adopted towards Pakistan a policy of fair dealing and of promoting conciliation and reducing mutual tensions.

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Static – Modern History (Post-Independence) – Integration of the Princely States (3) | Focus – Mains

The state of Kashmir bordered on both India and Pakistan. Its ruler Hari Singh did not accede either to India or Pakistan. Fearing democracy in India and communalism in Pakistan, he hoped to stay out of both and to continue to wield power as an independent ruler.

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Static – Modern History (Post-Independence) – Integration of the Princely States (2) | Focus – Mains

A few days before Independence, the Maharaja of Manipur, Bodhachandra Singh, signed the Instrument of Accession with the Indian government on the assurance that the internal autonomy of Manipur would be maintained.

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Static – Modern History (Post-Independence) – Integration of the Princely States (1) | Focus – Mains

Just before Independence it was announced by the British that with the end of their rule over India, paramountcy of the British crown over Princely States would also lapse. This meant that all these states, as many as 565 in all, would become legally independent.

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Static – Modern History – Major Challenges Faced by India at Independence | Focus – Mains

The first and the immediate challenge was to shape a nation that was united, yet accommodative of the diversity in our society. The second challenge was to establish democracy. The third challenge was to ensure the development and wellbeing of the entire society and not only of some sections.

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